Hydraulic motor: a device that transmits torque at a given pressure. The main focus is on mechanical efficiency and transferable torque. Electric motors typically operate over a wide speed range from low RPM to high RPM. Most electric motors are designed for bidirectional applications, such as braking loads, turntables. The motor may be idle for a long time. The motor is subjected to high side loads (from gears, chains, belt-driven pulleys).
Hydraulic pump: It is a device that delivers flow at a given pressure. The main focus is volumetric efficiency and flow. Pumps usually operate at high RPM. In most cases, the pump usually runs in one direction. The pump usually runs continuously. Most pumps are not affected by side loads. Typically, the pump is mounted on a bearing pad on top of the powertrain, with the shaft directly connected to the prime mover.
The hydraulic motor is a rotary actuator. However, the name of the rotary actuator is reserved for a specific type of unit, and its rotation is limited to 360 degrees. A hydraulic motor is a device that converts fluid power into rotational power or fluid pressure into torque. Torque is a function of pressure. In other words, the motor input pressure level is determined by the drag torque on the output shaft. Hydraulic pumps are devices that convert mechanical forces and motion into fluid power. When running backwards, the hydraulic motor is not a hydraulic pump. In some applications, a design that is perfectly acceptable as a motor may not work well as a pump.
